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Jamaican ibis
The Jamaican ibis, Jamaican flightless ibis〔Olson, Storrs L; Steadman, David W (1977). "A new genus of flightless ibis (Threskiornithidae) and other fossil birds from cave deposits in Jamaica". ''Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington'', 90(2): 447–457.〕 or clubbed-wing ibis (''Xenicibis xympithecus'') is an extinct bird species of the ibis subfamily uniquely characterized by its club-like wings. It is the only species in the genus ''Xenicibis'',〔 and one of only two flightless ibis genera,〔〔 the other being the genus ''Apteribis'' endemic to Hawaii.〔
==Description==
The species was first described in 1977 based on postcranial bone elements excavated in a cave deposit at Long Mile Cave, Jamaica, by H. E. Anthony in 1919–20.〔〔Suárez, William (2001) ("Deletion of the flightless ibis ''Xenicibis'' from the fossil record of Cuba" ). ''Caribbean Journal of Science'' 37 (1–2): 109–110〕 At the time, it was presumed to be flightless based on the incomplete coracoid;〔 its flightlessness was confirmed after a humerus of the same species was found in the Swansea Cave, Jamaica.〔〔Olson, Storrs L; Steadman, David W (1979) "The humerus of ''Xenicibis'', the extinct flightless ibis of Jamaica". ''Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington'', 92: 23–27.〕 New fossil finds from two locations, including the Red Hills Fissure, show that the bird has a unique modification of the carpometacarpus rendering it club-like.〔 The metacarpal is enlarged and bowed distally with thickened walls, while the ulna and radius have been modified as well. This was a large ibis, weighing about 2 kg (70 oz).〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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